Private Bus Rental Vancouver

Private Bus Rental Vancouver

Bus packages

Rest assured, when you're on board, you're in good hands. Bus rental for tours The climate control ensures the environment is always to your liking, whether you're cooling down on a hot summer day or warming up during the chill of winter. Learn more about Private Bus Rental Vancouver here Star Coach offers a variety of luxury buses to suit different group sizes and preferences, so you'll easily find one that fits your needs. You don't have to worry about navigating through a maze of options or dealing with last-minute availability issues.
Each bus is a haven of luxury, designed to make your journey as enjoyable as the destination itself. Star Coach Bus Rentals elevates your travel plans with customizable tour packages designed to fit your unique needs and preferences. You're not stuck with a one-size-fits-all solution.
It's all part of how we make your travel experience not just a journey, but a pleasure. Learn more about Private Charter Buses in Vancouver here. While Star Coach ensures your wallet is well cared for with competitive pricing, they also prioritize the planet by offering eco-friendly transportation options. Need to talk to someone?
Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for a stress-free, reliable, and premium travel experience. Moreover, the ability to customize doesn't stop at choosing a bus. Once your booking is confirmed, you'll receive a detailed confirmation email, outlining everything you need to know about your upcoming journey.

Safety and comfort are their top priorities, so you can rest assured that every detail, from the driver's expertise to the vehicle's maintenance, is taken care of. Sport team transportation What sets them apart is their commitment to flexibility.

Tour transportation

  • Vancouver region
  • Team travel
  • Event transportation
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Bus packages
  • Travel coach
  • Party bus
  • Long-distance bus
  • Bus hire
  • Safe bus rental
  • Tour bus rental
  • Charter transportation
  • Airport transfer
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Vancouver city
  • Group transportation
It's a hassle-free experience from start to finish, perfectly aligning with the high standards of service they're known for. Recognizing that every journey is unique, we customize your travel experience to match your specific preferences and desires.

If you opt for the online route, you'll find a simple form to fill out. And let's not forget the fun times! Bus charter Building on their commitment to customer satisfaction, Star Coach offers a diverse fleet selection to meet any group's size or preference.

Star Coach's Prevost H3-45 doesn't just keep you safe; its sleek design aesthetics ensure you travel in style, turning heads wherever you go. From fuel-efficient buses to rigorous recycling programs, every aspect of our service is designed with the environment in mind. Feeling peckish?

Imagine not having to worry about navigating through traffic or finding parking spots. That's the hassle-free reality with these luxury coaches. Once you're satisfied, confirming your booking is as easy as clicking a button or giving your confirmation over the phone.

Vancouver Motorcoach Services

Indigenous settlement of Vancouver began more than 10,000 years ago and included the Squamish, Musqueam, and Tsleil-Waututh (Burrard) peoples. The beginnings of the modern city, which was originally named Gastown, grew around the site of a makeshift tavern on the western edges of Hastings Mill that was built on July 1, 1867, and owned by proprietor Gassy Jack. The Gastown steam clock marks the original site. Gastown then formally registered as a townsite dubbed Granville, Burrard Inlet. The city was renamed "Vancouver" in 1886 through a deal with the Canadian Pacific Railway. The Canadian Pacific transcontinental railway was extended to the city by 1887. The city's large natural seaport on the Pacific Ocean became a vital link in the trade between Asia-Pacific, East Asia, Europe, and Eastern Canada.

Citations and other links

Private Executive Coach Vancouver

That's exactly what you get with the H3-45. These buses aren't just a way to get from point A to B; they're a space where convenience meets luxury, transforming your travel into an experience worth remembering. Imagine plush seating that cradles you in comfort as you traverse the city. Each bus in their fleet isn't just a mode of transport; it's a statement of luxury and reliability. They make sure you're well-informed and ready for your Star Coach experience, offering peace of mind from start to finish. Private bus rental

We've also integrated the latest technology for your entertainment and connectivity. Corporate bus rental Star Coach also offers flexible payment plans, making it easier to manage your budget. Understanding the importance of affordability, Star Coach regularly offers competitive pricing that ensures you get exceptional value for your transportation needs. Plus, if you're unsure about any part of the process, Star Coach's customer service team is just a phone call or email away, ready to assist you with any questions.

You're probably wondering what sets these buses apart from the standard fare. At Star Coach, we've set high safety standards to ensure your journey isn't just enjoyable but also secure from start to finish. They'll map it out. The onboard entertainment system features large screens and a selection of movies and music, catering to a variety of tastes.

What truly sets Star Coach apart, however, is their commitment to personalized service. Each seat is equipped with personal charging stations, ensuring your devices stay powered up as you travel. Picture a day spent hopping from one award-winning winery to another, savoring fine wines and local cuisine, without the hassle of driving. Moreover, we're constantly updating our safety measures in line with the latest health guidelines, including enhanced cleaning procedures to protect against Covid-19.

Private Executive Coach Vancouver
Prestige Bus Rental Vancouver

Prestige Bus Rental Vancouver

The journey on a Star Coach bus transforms into an integral part of the experience, as you traverse lush landscapes and historical sights. So, next time you're planning a group trip, remember that with Star Coach, you're not just traveling smart; you're also contributing to a healthier planet. Star Coach's buses are designed with spacious seating, ample legroom, and climate control to ensure you enjoy a first-class ambiance no matter the weather outside. It's a win-win: you enjoy top-notch service while supporting eco-conscious transportation. With them, you're not just booking a ride; you're crafting a personalized adventure.

Each tour is meticulously curated to showcase the best of Vancouver, from the lush beauty of Stanley Park to the historic cobblestone streets of Gastown. This premium bus rental service doesn't cut corners when it comes to ensuring you're protected and at ease throughout your journey. That's the experience our clients rave about. Bus packages It's this kind of attention to detail that sets Star Coach apart, making them not just a service you use but one you wholeheartedly recommend.

With its sleek exterior and spacious interior, you're in for a ride that combines the best of modern luxury with the reliability and safety you demand.

Bus hire

  1. Party bus
  2. Long-distance bus
  3. Bus hire
  4. Safe bus rental
  5. Tour bus rental
  6. Charter transportation
  7. Airport transfer
  8. Charter shuttle service
  9. Vancouver city
  10. Group transportation
  11. Transport services
  12. Bus line
  13. Charter vehicle
  14. Executive bus charter
  15. Sightseeing bus
  16. Lower Mainland BC
  17. Bus transportation
  18. Custom bus rental
You're not just paying for a trip; you're investing in an experience that's worth every penny. Understanding the value of your money, Star Coach offers competitive pricing options designed to fit a variety of budgets without compromising on luxury or safety.

Bus packages

  • Transport services
  • Bus line
  • Charter vehicle
  • Executive bus charter
  • Sightseeing bus
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • Bus transportation
  • Custom bus rental
  • Vancouver area
  • Convention transport
  • Bus travel
  • Bus fleet
  • City tour bus
  • Affordable bus rental
  • Licensed bus operators
You'll find that their pricing model is transparent, with no hidden fees to catch you off guard. Sport team transportation

For wine enthusiasts, the Okanagan Valley is a must-visit. In recent years, an impressive 60% of luxury bus rentals in Vancouver have been attributed to Star Coach, a company that's quickly become synonymous with the epitome of travel opulence. From sleek minibusses for smaller groups to full-sized coaches for larger gatherings, their fleet is versatile enough to accommodate any occasion. Once you've filled in the basics, you'll get a quote.

Vancouver Deluxe Bus Rental

Stick around, and you'll discover how Star Coach is not only transporting passengers but also transporting the industry into a new era of luxury and responsibility.

Private bus rental

  • Luxury transportation
  • Bus excursion
  • Minibus rental
  • Casino shuttle
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Wedding bus rental
  • Passenger bus rental
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Bus driver service
  • Crew shuttle
  • Vancouver
  • Shuttle service
  • Mini coach rental
  • British Columbia
  • Vancouver BC
Don't worry if you're not sure about every detail yet; there's room for flexibility. This human touch transforms a simple ride into a pleasant travel experience. With Star Coach Bus Rentals, you're not just booking a trip; you're crafting an experience tailored just for you and your group. A mini-fridge stocked with refreshments and gourmet snacks ensures you're well-fed and hydrated.

In emergency situations, rest assured that our buses are equipped with first-aid kits, fire extinguishers, and emergency exits, clearly marked and easily accessible. With Star Coach Bus Rentals, elevating your group travel experience in Vancouver becomes effortless and enjoyable. Bus excursion Imagine gliding through the bustling city streets or the serene landscapes surrounding this urban oasis, all while enveloped in the lap of luxury. It's where luxury meets the road, transforming every trip across Vancouver into an unforgettable journey.

What sets them apart isn't just their fleet of high-end buses, but their unwavering commitment to ensuring every trip is memorable. Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for a travel experience that's unmatched in elegance and reliability. You're not just picking a mode of transport; you're crafting an entire journey that's bespoke to your group's requirements. They're committed to making your group travel as enjoyable and stress-free as possible, ensuring your journey isn't just a ride, but a treasured part of your event.

We're committed to providing a seamless booking experience, mirroring the exceptional quality of travel you can expect with us. Entertainment options abound, with the latest in audio-visual technology at your fingertips. That's where Star Coach steps in. Once you've filled in all the details, submit your request.

Vancouver Deluxe Bus Rental
High-End Coach Rental Vancouver
High-End Coach Rental Vancouver

Your coordinator can also help with scheduling, ensuring you've got enough time for all your planned activities without feeling rushed. Corporate events, too, benefit from the sophistication and professionalism a luxury coach provides, making a strong impression on clients and employees alike. Fancy a mobile conference room equipped with high-speed Wi-Fi and leather seating for your business meetings on the go? While Star Coach's guided sightseeing tours offer a unique way to discover Vancouver, their corporate services are equally impressive, ensuring your business needs are met with the same level of excellence.

Consistently, clients rave about their experiences with Star Coach, highlighting the company's commitment to service excellence.

School bus rental

  • Community bus service
  • Bus charter
  • Private group transport
  • School bus rental
  • Coach hire
  • Festival shuttle
  • Metro Vancouver
  • Sport team transportation
  • Private bus rental
  • Event shuttles
  • Bus services
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Senior group travel
  • Motor coach rental
  • Field trip bus
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Luxury bus rental
From state-of-the-art GPS tracking systems that monitor buses in real-time to advanced emergency braking systems, they've got it all covered. They've streamlined operations to cut down on unnecessary trips, reducing overall emissions.

They'll work with you to adjust plans without a fuss. You're not just moving from point A to B; you're embarking on a scenic voyage, where every turn presents a new picture-perfect panorama.

Private bus rental

  1. Bus provider
  2. Transport charter
  3. Bus leasing
  4. Bus for hire
  5. Luxury transportation
  6. Bus excursion
  7. Minibus rental
  8. Casino shuttle
  9. Bus rental for tours
  10. Wedding bus rental
  11. Passenger bus rental
  12. Corporate bus rental
  13. Bus driver service
  14. Crew shuttle
  15. Vancouver
  16. Shuttle service
  17. Mini coach rental
  18. British Columbia
  19. Vancouver BC
  20. Vancouver region
So, when it comes to transporting your most valuable asset – your people – you know you're in good hands.

Metro Vancouver

  1. Bus rental for tours
  2. Corporate bus rental
  3. Sport team transportation
  4. Bus hire
  5. Bus rental for tours
  6. Corporate bus rental
  7. Sport team transportation
  8. Bus hire
  9. Bus rental for tours
  10. Corporate bus rental
  11. Sport team transportation
  12. Bus hire
  13. Bus rental for tours
  14. Corporate bus rental
  15. Sport team transportation
  16. Bus hire
  17. Bus rental for tours
  18. Corporate bus rental


With onboard Wi-Fi, you can stay connected, share moments in real-time, or get some work done. Metro Vancouver You'll notice the attention to detail, from the polished chrome accents to the tinted windows that offer both privacy and a touch of mystery. It's the meticulous attention to detail and the dedication to providing a seamless, comfortable, and luxurious experience that sets us apart.

Vancouver Luxury Travel Bus

Prioritizing your peace of mind, Star Coach Bus Rentals implements rigorous safety and security measures for every journey. Explore Private Bus Rental Vancouver here You're in the right place if you're looking for a seamless, stress-free way to manage your travel needs. You'll get a detailed quote with no hidden fees, so you know exactly what you're paying for. They're not just talking about the comfort and style of the buses, but also the positive feeling of minimizing their carbon footprint while exploring the city.
Their vehicles are meticulously maintained and serviced, ensuring safety alongside luxury.

Group transportation

  • Bus hire
  • Group transportation
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Group transportation
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Group transportation
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Sport team transportation
  • Bus hire
  • Group transportation
It's all about where you want to go, at your pace, ensuring you soak in every bit of Vancouver's unique charm. You're not just moving from point A to B; you're embarking on a journey tailored to your group's desires, whether that's hitting all the top tourist spots or uncovering hidden gems only the locals know about.
No problem. From the moment you inquire about a rental, their representatives are there to ensure your needs are met with warmth and professionalism. Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for punctuality, safety, and reliability.

Event shuttles

    Read more about Private Bus Rental Vancouver here
    While we've shared how seriously we take your safety and comfort, it's our satisfied customers who truly bring our commitment to life. Victoria itself, with its charming downtown and beautiful Butchart Gardens, becomes even more accessible and enjoyable. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a school outing, or a private tour, they've got you covered.

    School bus rental
    Vancouver Luxury Travel Bus
    An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

    A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

    The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

    Other usages

    [edit]

    The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

    Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

    A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

    Different types of charters

    [edit]

    Anglo-Saxon charters

    [edit]

    Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

    Colony charter

    [edit]

    The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

    Congressional charter

    [edit]

    A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

    Corporate charter

    [edit]

    A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

    Inspeximus charter

    [edit]

    A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

    Municipal charter

    [edit]
    Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

    A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

    Order charter

    [edit]

    Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

    Project charter

    [edit]

    In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

    Royal charter

    [edit]

    A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

    The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

    At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

    University charter

    [edit]

    A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

    Uprising charter

    [edit]

    In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

    See also

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
    6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
    7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
    8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
    9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
    10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
    11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

    Further reading

    [edit]
    [edit]
    • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
    • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

     

    An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

    A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

    The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

    Other usages

    [edit]

    The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

    Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

    A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

    Different types of charters

    [edit]

    Anglo-Saxon charters

    [edit]

    Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

    Colony charter

    [edit]

    The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

    Congressional charter

    [edit]

    A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

    Corporate charter

    [edit]

    A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

    Inspeximus charter

    [edit]

    A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

    Municipal charter

    [edit]
    Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

    A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

    Order charter

    [edit]

    Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

    Project charter

    [edit]

    In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

    Royal charter

    [edit]

    A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

    The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

    At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

    University charter

    [edit]

    A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

    Uprising charter

    [edit]

    In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

    See also

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
    5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
    6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
    7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
    8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
    9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
    10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
    11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

    Further reading

    [edit]
    [edit]
    • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
    • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

     

    1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
    1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

    A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

    In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

    Etymology

    [edit]
    The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

    The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

    One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

    An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

    History

    [edit]

    Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

    In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

    In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

    The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

    U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

    Characteristics

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    The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

    Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

    Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

    Stretch limousines

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    Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

    Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

    A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

    As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

    Novelty limousines

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    A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

    Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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    See also

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    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
    2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
    3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
    4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
    5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
    6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
    7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
    8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
    9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
    10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
    11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
    12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
    13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
    14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
    15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
    16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
    17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
    [edit]
    • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
    • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

     

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